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1st Samuel Chapter One

1. The Book of Samuel begins with the birth of Samuel (1st Sam. 1:1-27).
2. Samuel’s father was Elkanah.
   1. אֶלְקָנָה ’elqānāh ^#511: God has possessed (begotten).
   2. Elkanah was a Levite, of the clan of Kohath, of the faithful descendants who stood back from Korah (1st Chr. 6:33-38).
   3. Elkanah is an Ephraimite, because his Levitical city was located within the land-grant of Ephraim (Josh. 21:5).
3. Elkanah was polygamous.
   1. Hannah.  חַנָּה channāh ^#2584: grace.
   2. Peninnah.  פְּנִנָּה p^eninnāh ^#6444: jewel.
   3. Peninnah was the mother of multiple sons and multiple daughters, but Hannah had no children.
   4. Hannah was a woman of prayer, but Peninnah was a woman of provocation.
   5. Grace is always presented in the highest possible way, but every use of pearl/jewel (פְּנִינִים p^eniyniym ^#6443) draws comparisons to something better (Job 28:18; Prov. 3:15; 8:11; 20:15; 31:10; Lam. 4:7).
4. Peninnah’s provocation of Hannah produced a bitterness of soul that Elkanah was unable to minister to.
5. Elkanah possessed a love for Hannah (1st Sam. 1:5; Eph. 5:25), but not an understanding (1st Sam. 1:8; 1st Pet. 3:7).

(Chapter One continues tomorrow)

Ruth Chapter Four

(Outline continues from yesterday)

2. Boaz & Ruth are promptly blessed with a son (Ruth 4:13).
   1. The uttered blessings by the court witnesses to Boaz (Ruth 4:11-12) and the neighbor women to Naomi (Ruth 4:14,15) speak not just to the literal baby (Obed) on Naomi’s lap, but prophetically to the Ephrathite, Head of the House of Bethlehem (Jesse) who comes through this particular lineage (Ruth 4:16,17; 1st Sam. 16:1; 17:12; 2nd Sam. 20:1; 23:1; 1st Kgs. 12:16; Isa. 11:1,10).
   2. That lineage is traced, as The Generations of Perez, from Perez through David (Ruth 4:18-22).
      1. This genealogy demonstrates the grace of God in action by exalting a Levirate-marriage foster-son.
      2. The author/authoress of this Book clearly identified the historical significance of King David, and the eternal Messianic significance of the Son of David.
   3. Why are the names of Elimelech & Mahlon not preserved? (Ruth 4:21; 1st Chr. 2:11,12; Matt. 1:5; Lk. 3:32). Two possible answers, either possible by virtue of Obed’s dual lineage as son of Mahlon and son of Boaz.
      1. It’s possible that despite Boaz and Ruth’s good intentions, the names of Elimelech, Chilion and Mahlon actually were cut off as a divine judgment for their wickedness (Josh. 7:9; 1st Sam. 24:21; Ps. 109:13; Isa. 48:19; 56:5).
      2. It’s also possible that their names were not cut off, but were only significant to the House of Bethlehem, Clan of Ephrathah (the court of his birth place, Ruth 4:10). Beyond that small context, they are obscure names not worth mentioning among the more significant clans of Judah (1st Sam. 17:28; Mic. 5:2), and certainly not appearing in the genealogies of Jesus Christ (Matt. 1; Lk. 3) being utterly irrelevant to the Seed of the Woman, Seed of Abraham, Seed of David promises.

1st Chronicles Chapter Two

Verses 1-8 were read but not outlined in TTB Day 014, Day 015, and Day 086.

1. Chapter 2 delineates the 12 Tribes of Israel, with a focus on the Tribe of Judah.
2. The 12 Tribes of Israel (1st Chr. 2:1,2; Gen. 46:8-27).
3. The Tribe of Judah (1st Chr. 2:3-55).
   1. The early line from Judah to Hezron (1st Chr. 2:3-8).
   2. The Davidic line, from Hezron to David (1st Chr. 2:9-17).
   3. The descendants of Caleb, son of Hezron, form the core of the non-Davidic lines of Judah (1st Chr. 2:18-20,42-55).  This is not the same Caleb as Caleb, son of Jephunneh, the faithful spy with Joshua (Num. 13:6).
4. The focus on the Tribe of Judah is a continuation of the Seed of the Woman unfolding revelation: through Shem, through Abraham, Isaac, & Jacob, and through Judah (Gen. 49:10).
   1. The dominance in the Tribe of Judah belonged to the clan of Caleb (Chelubai) (1st Chr. 2:9,18,42), and followed the heroic exploits of Judah’s commanding general of the Conquest—Caleb the son of Jephunneh.
   2. The gracious selection of the LORD came through the clan of Ram, down through a Jericho harlot and a Moabite widow to the seventh (or eighth) son of an old man in an obscure village (1st Chr. 2:15).

1st Chronicles Chapter Four

1. The genealogies of Judah continue with additional notes concerning Hur (1st Chr. 4:1-4) and Asshur (1st Chr. 4:5-8).
2. Jabez “sorrow” appears here along with his “famous” prayer (1st Chr. 4:8-10).
3. The men of Recah, the Kenezites (including Caleb, son of Jephunneh), and the clan of Shelah are other clans of Judah that are described here (1st Chr. 4:11-23).

(Chapter Four continues on Day 248, September 5)